Method of lottery wagering on real-world events

ABSTRACT

A method for lottery wagering on real-world events. One method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes selecting a set of variables, each variable representing a time-varying value capable of having a fixed value at a specified time. For each variable, the method includes selecting a range of values for the fixed value of the variable at the specified time, dividing the range of values into a set of n increments, randomly assigning a lottery number from a set of lottery numbers, 1 to n, to each increment, selecting a winning lottery number from the set of lottery numbers based on correlating the fixed value of the variable at the specified time with the increment associated with the winning lottery number; and determining a set of winning lottery numbers from the winning lottery numbers selected for each variable.

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/940,643, filed Nov. 5, 2010, which is a continuation-in-partapplication of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/832,794, filed onJul. 8, 2010, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/705,375, filed on Feb. 12, 2010, now U.S. Pat.No. 7,887,406, which is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 10/606,100, filed on Jun. 25, 2003, now U.S. Pat.No. 7,674,170, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains generally to the field of wageringsystems. More particularly, the new and useful invention claimed in thisdocument pertains to a method for wagering on an actual, real-worldevent or competition. The present invention is particularly, but notexclusively, useful for awarding a prize to one or more players choosingto place one or more wagers particularly through a lottery system ornetwork. The present invention is also useful for buying, selling, ortrading lottery-based wagers among lottery players and distributors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Within the United States, many states have enacted legislation to permitlotteries. Lotteries include a variety of games that, for a while, werepopular and successful. A lottery is recognized as a form of gambling orgaming, allowing players to wager on the chance to win a valuable prize.In a typical lottery, players buy tickets with a series of characters ornumbers from authorized vendors at fixed prices. Neither the charactersnor numbers on the tickets generate inherent excitement. At a subsequentdrawing, winning characters or numbers are selected on an unpredictableand random basis for comparison with the players' characters andnumbers. Players who satisfy the requisite matching of characters ornumbers win prizes. In the familiar and typical lottery process, acomputer generates a randomized prize data stream which includes alimited number of win/lose outcomes. Each outcome is assigned to alottery ticket, and each ticket contains one or more game chances, whichyield the assigned outcome. A player cannot change the ticket outcome. Aplayer merely scratches off certain areas of the ticket in accordancewith rules of the game to reveal the outcome, or waits until thecomputer-generated outcome is announced at some future date. Typically,a player purchases a lottery ticket located in stores that haveapparatus for entering the choices of a player. The apparatus isgenerally in electronic communication with a central computer. A playermay mark the characters or numbers he wishes to enter as the players'choices on a computer-scannable or computer-readable entry form. Theplayer pays a fee, a clerk inserts the ticket into the apparatus, andthe information is recorded in the central computer. After wagering hasbeen closed, a variety of methods are used to determine the winningrange of numbers or characters: bouncing balls with numbers written onthe balls and computer driven selection processes are the most common.

Limitations on the current lottery approaches have become evident.

Lottery systems currently in effect generate no inherent enthusiasm byor on the part of the players. Lottery outcomes are not decided byreal-world events, but rather by sterile computer programs, or by a tubof ping-pong balls. There is nothing for a player to watch or cheer for.Accordingly, many state-operated lotteries have reached marketsaturation, if not stagnation.

The real world presents a wide range of events that enthusiasts wouldlike to wager on. A non-exclusive listing of such real-world eventsincludes political elections, racing events such as automobile races,motorcycle races, horse races, and similar events, as well as a widerange of sporting events. Given the fascination of the American publicfor theater and movies, even the Academy Awards® and the Oscar®presentations present an opportunity for wagering. Real-world events adddrama and interest not achieved through typical lottery systems ornetworks.

Current lotteries fail to attract enthusiasts for the frequent andhighly publicized events in the sporting world, the political world, orthe world in general. A large, extant, already existing but untappedaudience base exists for a number of sporting events, including as anon-exclusive example, automobile racing. National and worldwide mediacoverage is provided for such events. Thus, the NASCAR® Winston CupSeries is a racing model that holds great potential as a venue for amore modern wagering process through a lottery system.

Enthusiasts would become players in a lottery because they aredramatically interested in the real world outcomes of events of interestto them. For example, the NASCAR® Winston Cup Series begins inmid-February with the Daytona 500 Race, and continues almost everyweekend until thirty-six or more races are completed throughout theUnited States. The interest among consumers in NASCAR® racing is evidentby the extent to which major corporations sponsor race teams and theracing events. In a typical NASCAR® race, each race week begins with oneor two days of timed laps that are conducted until the fastest 43 carsqualify for the actual or subsequent race. Qualifying laps end aboutforty-eight hours before the actual race. The result is a major sportingspectacle, frequently featuring 150,000 people in attendance, whileperhaps five million households watch on television, and millionsworldwide listen on radio. Significantly, NASCAR® features morecorporate sponsors among the Fortune 500 companies than any other sport.Fan support among those interested in NASCAR® racing is legendary.Presently, NASCAR® boasts forty million fans. The NASCAR® Winston CupSeries is the second highest rated regular season sport on television.

Lotteries following the conventional dreary mode of wagering are losingthe hoped-for income generating status that state governmentsanticipated. As excitement has waned, lottery income has decreased.Competition for entertainment and gaming dollars is on the increase.Lottery players are older, and lotteries are not attracting youngerplayers. On the other hand, using just one of the competitions for whichthe present invention is useful, NASCAR® demographics indicate that 32%of NASCAR® fans are 18-34 years of age, and 26% are between 35-44 yearsof age. Brand loyalty among those fans is intense. These demographics,statistics and real-world facts suggest a way to use the presentinvention to breathe new life and entertainment into lotteries inparticipating states.

As indicated, a previously unaddressed need exists in the industry for anew, useful and improved method for conducting wagers through a lotterysystem that is capable of rejuvenating enthusiasm for lotteries ingeneral. Particularly, there is a significant need for a method andsystem that allows enthusiasts for one or more competitions to becomelottery players who wager on real-world or actual events andcompetitions. The present invention for a method for lottery wagering onactual events addresses these needs, and is useful for providing arelevant and entertaining form of wagering, whereby the player canincorporate his or her insight, knowledge, experience and interest intothe gaming activity.

The advantages, objects and features of the present invention for such amethod and system will become apparent to those skilled in the art whenread in conjunction with the following description, drawing figures andappended claims.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Given the conventional solutions for attempting to solve the problemsassociated with lotteries, it would be desirable, and of considerableadvantage, to provide a method for conducting wagers through a lotterythat involves real-world events.

The present invention provides numerous advantages in connection with amethod for conducting wagers through a lottery. At least one of theadvantages of the present invention is that the results are based onreal-world, actual events.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it allows anenthusiast who wants to become a player in connection with a givencompetition to select a range of numbers or characters, or have thelottery system randomly choose a range of numbers or characters.

Yet another advantage of the present invention is that it allows wagersto be placed on pre-qualifying events that are conducted prior to afinal event.

Still another advantage of the present invention is that it provides foridentifying rankings or preliminary rankings as a predicate toconducting a final event. The rankings or preliminary rankings may beassembled into data in the form of pre-qualifying data.

A primary object of the invention is to provide a lottery system thatenables results to be rendered on any number of media display devices,preferably in real-time, where one or more prizes may be awarded eitherat a retailer in the same manner, and with the same convenience, ascurrent scratch-off lottery paper tickets, or electronically.

It is yet another object and advantage of the present invention toenhance current lottery systems by increasing sales and profits, andproviding players with more competitive entertainment alternatives.

It is still another object and advantage of the present invention toprovide a wagering system in which any number of competitions may beoffered for purposes of wagering.

Yet another object and advantage of the present invention is that itbuilds on already extant player enthusiasm for a given or particularcompetition.

Still another advantage of the present invention is a method forconducting wagers through a lottery that is easy to use and to practice,and is cost effective for the intended purposes.

These objects and advantages are achieved in the present invention byproviding a method for lottery wagering on actual events. The methodaccording to the present invention includes assembling pre-qualifyingdata, D_(PQ), for preliminary participants after conclusion of apre-qualifying event of a phased competition, and assembling concludingdata, D_(C), for final participants after conclusion of a final event ofa phased competition. A winner or winners of the final event aredetermined after the final event based on the concluding data D_(C). Thewinners' concluding data is then correlated to the winners'pre-qualifying data D_(PQ). The winning lottery data, D_(L), isdetermined from the correlation step.

Assembling the pre-qualifying data D_(PQ) for preliminary participantscan consist of assembling the preliminary participants' preliminaryranking data and may comprise collecting, collating, correlating, ormathematically manipulating the preliminary ranking data. Assembling theconcluding data D_(C) for final participants can consist of assemblingthe final participants' concluding ranking data, which may comprisecollecting, collating, correlating, or mathematically manipulating theconcluding ranking data.

Wagering data, D_(W), is selected as a subset from the set ofpre-qualifying data D_(PQ) prior to conclusion of a pre-qualifyingevent. For example, if the pre-qualifying data consists of a set ofnumbers, then the wagering data may consist of a subset of n numbersselected from that group of numbers. The number of winners chosen fromthe final event would then be equal to n, and the n winners' respectivepre-qualifying numbers would make up the set of n winning lotterynumbers, D_(L).

Players of the lottery of the present invention communicate with alottery distributor who operates the lottery. A communication linkbetween the distributor and player is used for communications. Thecommunication link between the distributor and player can be a ticket,telephone link, radio frequency link, computer network, Internet, orWorld Wide Web communication link. This communication link is eitherencrypted or otherwise secured.

Optionally the present invention further includes the selection of asubset of wagering data from a set of concluding data. For example, inaddition to selecting pre-qualification numbers as the wagering data,the player optionally selects an additional number representing someform of concluding data, such as the winner of a race. The winninglottery data is then comprised of a combination of the pre-qualificationdata and concluding data.

Wagering data is either selected manually by the player or randomly bythe distributor for the player, where the distributor is the house, bankor other entity operating the lottery. Random selection of wagering datais accomplished mechanically or by computer and associated softwaremeans. The random wagering data is optionally provided to the player ona conventional “scratch-off” type ticket.

At the conclusion of the final event, wagering data D_(W) is compared tothe winning lottery data D_(L) and prizes are awarded to successfullottery players.

Optionally, the present invention provides a second lottery phase forunsuccessful players. In the second lottery phase, the unsuccessfulplayer enters the original wagering data D_(W) to the lotterydistributor, along with the player's account information, and thedistributor randomly selects a winner or winners from the entrants.Prizes, preferably in the form of merchandise, are awarded to winners ofthe second lottery phase.

Optionally, the method of the present invention includes “real-time”trading of wagering data prior to the conclusion of the final event.Players designated as real-time players may trade and revise wagersprior to the conclusion of the final event.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the pre-qualifying datais randomly shuffled by the distributor and assigned to the finalparticipants. In this embodiment, winners of the final event are chosenbased on the concluding data. Correlation of the winners to theirrespective shuffled pre-qualifying data, D_(PQS), is then performed todetermine the winning lottery data, D_(L). The winning lottery data,D_(L), consists of the winners' D_(PQS).

The present invention is further a method of lottery wagering on aphased vehicle race competition having a pre-qualifying event phase,race starting position data, and a final race phase. The methodcomprises selecting n numbers from a set of race starting positionnumbers as wagering numbers, prior to conclusion of the pre-qualifyingevent. The starting position numbers for each final race participant aredetermined after the pre-qualifying event. Then, n race winners arechosen after the final race phase based upon their concluding race data.The lottery winning numbers consist of the n race winners' n startingposition numbers.

The invention is also a method of lottery wagering on a phasedcompetition which includes selecting a subset of wagering data D_(W)from a set of pre-qualifying data D_(PQ) prior to conclusion of apre-qualifying event by communicating with a lottery distributor over acommunication link, such as by ticket, landline telephone, radiofrequency, computer network, Internet, or World Wide Web connection.Additionally, the method includes assembling pre-qualifying data D_(PQ)for preliminary participants after conclusion of a pre-qualifying eventof a phased competition, assembling concluding data D_(C) for finalparticipants after conclusion of a final event of a phased competition,determining at least one winner of the final event based on theconcluding data D_(C), and correlating the concluding data D_(C) of awinner to the pre-qualifying data D_(PQ) of the winner. Winning lotterydata D_(L) is based on the correlating step. Finally, lottery data isoptionally communicated between a distributor and a central hub over acommunication link such as a landline telephone, radio frequency link,computer network, Internet, or World Wide Web connection.

The present invention is still further a system for lottery wagering ona phased competition. The system comprises a distributor for operatingthe lottery and distributing lottery prizes and a communication linkbetween the distributor and a lottery player. The distributor has astorage medium for storage of lottery related data, means forcorrelating phased competition concluding data to phased competitionpre-qualifying data, and means for random generation of wagering datafor players. Preferably, the distributor operates via a computer andassociated software. The communication link between the distributor andplayer preferably comprises possessing a ticket, telephone, or radiofrequency link such as through a mobile telephone, computer network,Internet, or World Wide Web.

The present invention is also a system for lottery wagering on a phasedcompetition including a hub for sharing information amongstdistributors. The distributor operates a lottery and distributes lotteryprizes and includes a storage medium for storage of lottery-relateddata, means for correlating phased competition concluding data to phasedcompetition pre-qualifying data, and a communication link forcommunication between the distributor and a lottery player. Eachdistributor then communicates via a communication link with a centralhub, where the hub operates as a super-distributor for coordinatinginformation from multiple distributors. The hub consists of aprogrammable computer and memory suitable for managing data. Thecommunication link between the hub and a distributor is a landlinetelephone, radio frequency link, computer network, Internet, or WorldWide Web.

It will become apparent to one skilled in the art that the claimedsubject matter as a whole, including the structure of the system, andthe cooperation of the elements of the system, combine to result in anumber of unexpected advantages and utilities. The advantages andobjects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilledin the art when read in conjunction with the accompanying followingdescription, drawing figures, and appended claims.

The foregoing has outlined broadly the more important features of theinvention to better understand the detailed description which follows,and to better understand the contribution of the present invention tothe art. Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention indetail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited inapplication to the details of construction, and to the arrangements ofthe components, provided in the following description or drawingfigures. The invention is capable of other embodiments, and of beingpracticed and carried out in various ways. Also, the phraseology andterminology employed in this disclosure are for the purpose ofdescription, and should not be regarded as limiting.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the conception on whichthis disclosure is based readily may be used as a basis for designingother structures, methods, and systems for carrying out the purposes ofthe present invention. The claims, therefore, include such equivalentconstructions to the extent the equivalent constructions do not departfrom the spirit and scope of the present invention. Further, theabstract associated with this disclosure is neither intended to definethe invention, which is measured by the claims, nor intended to belimiting as to the scope of the invention in any way.

The novel features of this invention, and the invention itself, both asto structure and operation, are best understood from the accompanyingdrawings, considered in connection with the accompanying description ofthe drawings, in which similar reference characters refer to similarparts, and in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a flowchart depicting a phased competition applicable inaccordance with the present invention for a method for lottery wageringon actual events;

FIG. 2A is the first portion of a flowchart of a preferred embodiment ofthe present invention for a method for lottery wagering on actualevents;

FIG. 2B is the second portion of the flowchart of FIG. 2A;

FIG. 3A is a diagram depicting a set of variables that can be used toprovide a real-world lottery in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 3B is a diagram depicting a set of wagering numbers chosen by areal-world lottery player in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4A is a diagram depicting the randomization of a range of valuesfor a variable in accordance with one or more embodiments of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the relationships between increments 402a-k and lottery numbers 304 a-k following the randomization process;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting a process for randomizing real-worldevents for use in a lottery event in accordance with one or moreembodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a real-world lottery system suitable forimplementing a real-world lottery in accordance with one or moreembodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram depicting the randomization of a set of participantsparticipating in a competition in accordance with one or moreembodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows a flowchart 800 depicting a process for randomizingreal-world events for use in a lottery event in accordance with one ormore alternative embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 9 shows a web page depicting an exemplary user interface for a realworld lottery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 10 shows a web page depicting an exemplary user interface for areal world lottery in accordance with one or more embodiments of thepresent invention.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Briefly, the present invention provides a method for lottery wageringbased upon actual events. The method involves determining winninglottery data based on a correlation between winners of a final event andthe pre-qualification data of those winners from a pre-qualifying event.

In this document, the term “event” refers to a contest, competition,performance, occurrence, or other event. The term “pre-qualifying event”refers to an event preceding a final event. During a pre-qualifyingevent, one or more persons, animals, machines, or other animate orinanimate actors or devices, either separately or in combination(individually, a “preliminary participant”), participate in an event. Asa result of a pre-qualifying event, one or more preliminary participantsmay achieve or be assigned a range of positions, numbers, characters,results, arrangements, relative placements, situations, standings, orother rankings (individually, a “ranking”) called a “preliminaryranking.” The ranking or preliminary ranking may be collected, collated,correlated, or mathematically manipulated (collectively, “assembled”)into data or results referred to as “pre-qualifying data.”

A preliminary ranking or pre-qualifying data may establish for one ormore preliminary participants a position, result, arrangement, relativeplacement, situation, standing, or other ranking (individually, a“position”) for one or more final participants, formerly preliminaryparticipants, at commencement of a subsequent event called,individually, a “final event.” As a result of a final event, one or moreparticipants may achieve or be assigned a range of positions, results,arrangements, relative placements, situations, standings, or otherrankings (individually, a “concluding ranking”) that may be assembledinto data or results about the final event as “concluding data.”

The step-by-step occurrences beginning with a pre-qualifying event, andending with a final event, collectively are described in this documentas a “phased competition.” A phased competition may consist of a singleevent having two or more phases, or a series of related events, where anearlier event or events constitute the pre-qualifying event and a laterevent or events constitute the final event as might occur over thecourse of a season.

It will be apparent to those of skill in the art that the definitions ofwhat constitutes the “pre-qualifying event,” “final event,”“pre-qualifying data” and “concluding data” are limited only by theevents surrounding, and the data generated by, any particular phasedcompetition.

A preliminary ranking may be of interest to one or more persons(individually, an “enthusiast”). A preliminary ranking may be ofinterest to one or more persons who, or devices that, confirm and recorda preliminary result or preliminary ranking (individually, a“comparator”). Likewise, a concluding ranking also may be of interest toone or more enthusiasts and one or more comparators. An enthusiast mayor may not witness a pre-qualifying event or a final event.

An enthusiast may elect to wager, and thus become a “player,” inconnection with any number of combinations and permutations of possibleor probable occurrences (individually, a “possibility”) in connectionwith a participant's pre-qualifying data or concluding data. A playermay elect to place one or more wagers on one or more possibilities tooccur, at any time before occurrence of a pre-qualifying event, andoccurrence of a preliminary ranking. A player also may elect to placeone or more wagers on one or more possibilities that may or may notoccur, at any time before occurrence of a pre-qualifying event andoccurrence of a final outcome. As will be evident to those skilled inthe art, a player may elect to place one or more wagers on one or morepossibilities that may or may not occur at any time in connection with apre-qualifying event and a final event.

A player may elect to wager with any number of potential sources ofdistributors of winnings and prizes (individually, a “distributor”) whooperate a “lottery.” A distributor may include as non-exclusiveexamples, a central bank or banker (a “house”), other players, or astate-operated system. A “hub” is a central administrator. Eachdistributor optionally communicates with the hub, and vice versa, sothat information can be shared with the hub and with all otherdistributors. A “lottery” is a game, process or methodology wherebyplayers place wagers on possibilities in hopes of receiving a prize atthe conclusion of the lottery.

Communication between players and a distributor occurs via a“communication link.” A communication link comprises either a hardwiredor wireless communication link. A nonexclusive list of examples ofcommunication links include: conventional landline telephonecommunication links, radio frequency (RF) communication links, andelectronic communication links such as those implemented in computernetworks. Where legally permissible, the distributor may operate via anetwork such as an Internet or World Wide Web (www) site.

The player interacts with the lottery distributor by data entry througha conventional keyboard, keypad or touch-screen, and/or verbally—in theinstance where the communication link is a telephone, associated withthe communication link. The player alternatively purchases a preprintedpaper ticket, which the player saves until the conclusion of the finalevent. The distributor provides information to the player visuallyand/or aurally over conventional display and audio devices associatedwith the lottery communication link.

Data is stored, permanently or temporarily, as necessary by thedistributor throughout the course of a lottery on a “storage medium,”preferably in the form of a database. Storage media include, but are notlimited to, hard and soft storage media such as paper media and computerreadable media.

Winnings and prizes paid and distributed on successful wagers may be inthe form of money, merchandise, scripts, vouchers, and other items ofactual or perceived value (individually, a “prize”). As used in thisdocument, a player who becomes eligible to receive a prize from adistributor is a “successful player.” Successful wagers are announcedvia the communication link between the player and distributor, by radio,television, or other communication means.

Attention is now turned to the figures. A phased competition is depictedin FIG. 1 and is described here first to facilitate understanding of thepresent invention for a method of lottery wagering and its applicationto an actual event. A discussion of the methodology of the inventionfollows with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. Further, to facilitate anunderstanding of the concepts, variables, and processes of theinvention, an example of the invention applied to an actual phasedcompetition, a NASCAR® race, is provided in parallel with a detailedexplanation of the invention. The NASCAR® race example is presentedherein only as one application of the methodology of the invention andis not to be construed as limiting the invention to any particularphased competition.

Referring to FIG. 1, a flowchart illustrating a phased competitionhaving application in accordance with the present invention for lotterywagering on actual events is shown and generally designated 100. In atypical phased competition, such as the familiar NASCAR® race, thecompetition begins with a pre-qualifying event, in which a particularnumber (p) of preliminary participants participate, 102. In a NASCAR®race, the pre-qualifying event consists of a group of preliminaryparticipants, typically p=50 race cars and associated drivers, who runqualifying laps to determine qualifying times for each car-drivercombination. These qualifying times relate largely to the speed at whichthe car and driver are able to negotiate the racetrack.

Preliminary rankings 104 comprise data regarding, or related to, theperformance of each preliminary participant. The next step in a typicalphased competition is the assembly of prequalifying data, (D_(PQ)), fromthe preliminary rankings, 106. In the NASCAR® race example,pre-qualifying data may comprise a combination of speed and otherperformance data, or it may comprise speed data alone, from thepre-qualifying event.

Once the pre-qualifying data is assembled, positions are established fora predetermined number, (f) of final participants to participate in thefinal event, 108, where f<p. For example, in a NASCAR® race, forty-three(f) of the fifty (p) preliminary participants having the most favorablepre-qualifying data are chosen to participate in the final event. Thesef final participants are positioned in some manner for participation inthe final event. In a NASCAR® event, the forty-three cars are positionedin a starting lineup according to their pre-qualifying data, such thatthe car having the most favorable pre-qualifying data has the mostadvantageous starting position for the race.

Next, the f final participants participate in the final event, 110. Inthe NASCAR® race example, the final event would be the actual race. Uponconclusion of the final event, each of the f final participants achievesa concluding ranking, 112. A concluding ranking of a NASCAR® race mayconsist for example, of any type of data regarding or related to theperformance of each driver in the race. These concluding rankings areassembled into concluding data (D_(C)). For example, in a NASCAR® race,the concluding data may comprise an assembly of race-related data, orsimply the place in which each race participant finished the race.

The present invention for a method of lottery wagering on actual eventsis now described as it is applied to a phased competition. Referring incombination to FIGS. 2A and 2B, a flowchart illustrating the methodologyof the present invention is shown and generally designated 10. Themethod for lottery wagering on actual events begins with a playerselecting a subset of wagering data (D_(W)) from a set of pre-qualifyingdata (D_(PQ)) that will ultimately be assembled from rankings of apre-qualifying event of a phased competition, 12. (See also FIG. 1.) Theparameters for D_(W), e.g., size and type of data, are predefined suchthat each player selects D_(W) having the same parameters. The player ispermitted to select D_(W) during a predetermined time period precedingthe pre-qualifying event of the phased competition.

Wagering data, D_(W), is selected by the player via communication link14 that is in communication with a distributor 16. The distributor 16operates the lottery, including the associated data storage, random datageneration, player account management, player interaction, winninglottery data determination, and award of prizes through a combination ofsuitable human resources, computer, software and data processing means.

Each distributor 16 optionally shares information with a centraladministrator, or hub 17. Each distributor 16 communicates with the hub17, and vice versa, so that information can be shared with the hub andwith all other distributors. Hub 17 consists of a programmable computeror other data processing and control mechanism, having suitable memoryand data storage capacity. Communication between distributors and hub 17occurs over a secure communication link, being encrypted or otherwisesecured. The communication link is accomplished via landline telephone,radio frequency, computer network, Internet, World Wide Web, or othersuitable communication means.

The selection of D_(W) is performed either manually by the player or byrandom assignment by the lottery distributor. Random selection of D_(W)is provided by computer in the circumstance where the distributoroperates the lottery via computerized means, such as the Internet, WorldWide Web, lottery terminals connected to a central computerized system,or other computerized system by a suitable software algorithm oralgorithms. Alternatively, random selection of D_(W) is provided by wayof purchasing a paper ticket, such as the familiar “scratch-off” typelottery ticket, where D_(W) is preprinted on the ticket as provided by arandom number generation method. Each player's wagering data is storedon a storage medium associated with the lottery distributor 16.

In the NASCAR® race example, players select a subset of n numbers, wheren≧1 as predefined for the lottery—for example, n=5, from the set ofpre-qualifying data D_(PQ). In this example, the D_(PQ) data are relatedto the starting lineup positions of the f, or 43, final participants inthe final event, or race. Thus, D_(PQ) are the numbers 1 through 43, andthe player selects n of those numbers as the wagering data, D_(W). As anexample, a player may select, or be randomly assigned, the numbers 4,17, 19, 37, and 40 as the wagering data, D_(W).

A variation of the above NASCAR® race example allows players to selectas wagering data a subset of n numbers from the set of pre-qualifyingdata D_(PQ), as well as m “favorite” participant(s) to win the finalevent, where m≧1 as predefined for the lottery and is selected fromconcluding data. The winning lottery data is then a combination of theset of n winners' respective pre-qualifying data, D_(PQ), and mconcluding data, D_(C).

After the predetermined time period for selecting D_(W) has elapsed, thephased competition, pre-qualifying event occurs, 18. At the conclusionof the pre-qualifying event, pre-qualifying data, D_(PQ), is assembledfor each preliminary participant, 20. D_(PQ) in the NASCAR® race exampleconsists of the starting lineup position of each of the (f) participantschosen to participate in the final race event. Therefore, D_(PQ) are thenumbers 1 through 43, where number 1 is the most favorable startinglineup position, number 2 is the second most favorable starting lineupposition, etc. The number 1 thus represents the car and driver whoachieved the first starting lineup position, such as the car carryingdecal number 89 driven by John Doe. Number 2 represents the car anddriver who achieved the second lineup position, such as the car carryingdecal number 77 driven by Jane Roe. This information is available to thepublic and any players of the lottery. D_(PQ) is stored on a storagemedium associated with the lottery distributor.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the pre-qualifying data,D_(PQ), is randomly shuffled, 22, by a random shuffling mechanism whichgenerates and stores on a storage medium an altered data set D_(PQS).D_(PQS) is stored on a storage medium associated with the lotterydistributor. Random shuffling is accomplished mechanically or bycomputer means such as through implementation of a suitable softwarealgorithm. A non-exclusive example of mechanical shuffling meansincludes the familiar lightweight balls having data printed on them thatare projected about by air within a container then drawn from thecontainer in a sequential fashion.

For example, in the NASCAR® race application, random shuffling, 22, ofthe prequalifying data D_(PQ) is accomplished, either mechanically or bycomputer generation, as follows. The f final participants' racecar decalnumbers, e.g., car number 89 driven by John Doe, car number 77 driven byJane Roe, are placed into the random shuffling mechanism. The randomshuffling mechanism assigns a number, from the set 1 through 43, to eachdecal number. Hence, John Doe's car may be assigned 43, while Jane Roe'scar is assigned 9, which has no relationship to the starting lineupposition of each car-driver combination. However, only those f finalparticipants, chosen according to their pre-qualifying data D_(PQ), areplaced into the random shuffling mechanism. The random assignment of thenumbers 1 through 43 to each of the f final participants is madeavailable to the public by announcement from the lottery distributorover a communication link, or other communication means.

Upon conclusion of the pre-qualifying event, 18, assembly ofpre-qualifying data D_(PQ), and optional assembly of shuffledpre-qualifying data, D_(PQ), the final event takes place, 24. The finalevent in the example followed herein is the NASCAR® race.

At the conclusion of the final event, concluding data, D_(C), isassembled from the rankings of the final participants in the finalevent, 26. Winners are chosen from the final participants. Concludingdata, D_(C), of the n winners of the final event is stored andcorrelated back to the winners' pre-qualifying data, D_(PQ), or shuffledpre-qualifying data, D_(PQS), depending upon which embodiment of theinvention is implemented, 28. The pre-qualifying data of the final eventwinners comprises the winning lottery data, D_(L), the set of n winninglottery numbers. Winning lottery data, D_(L), is stored on a storagemedium associated with the lottery distributor. Successful players arethose whose wagering data D_(W) matches that of D_(L), 30.

In the NASCAR® race application, the concluding data comprises thefinishing position of each car-driver combination. Presuming all 43 carscompleted the race, the concluding data, D_(C), are the 1 through 43finishing positions of the f final race participants. This data is thencorrelated to the pre-qualifying data, D_(PQ), or shuffledpre-qualifying data, D_(PQS), depending upon which embodiment of theinvention is implemented.

For example, in the non-shuffled embodiment of the invention, if JaneRoe, car decal number 77, won the race then her concluding data isfinishing position number 1. This concluding data is correlated back toher starting lineup position, which was second (2). Therefore, one ofthe set of n winning lottery numbers, D_(L), is “2.” The top n, in thisexample 5, finishers of the race are used to determine the n winninglottery numbers, D_(L), by correlating the 5 winners back to theirpre-qualifying data and using that pre-qualifying data as the winninglottery data. However, any predefined concluding data D_(C) can be usedto select the n winning lottery numbers; for example, the top n drivershaving the highest maximum speed during the race can be deemed the“winners” and correlated back to their pre-qualifying data to determinethe winning lottery numbers.

In the shuffled embodiment of the invention, the concluding data, D_(C),is correlated back to the shuffled pre-qualifying data, D_(PQS).Continuing with the NASCAR® example where Jane Roe, car decal number 77won the race, or achieved the highest of some other predefined raceconcluding data, her concluding data is number 1. This concluding datais correlated back to her shuffled pre-qualifying data, which was nine(9). Therefore, one of the set of n winning lottery numbers, D_(L), is“9”. The top n, in this example 5, “winners” of the race are used indetermining the n winning lottery numbers, D_(L).

In either embodiment of the invention, successful players whose wageringdata D_(W) matches that of D_(L) are awarded prizes, 32.

Certain optional features are implemented into the invention to addinterest to the lottery method. One optional feature extends the lotteryto allow unsuccessful players to enter a subsequent lottery for otherprizes, preferably in the form of merchandise. Players who areunsuccessful in the original lottery phase enter into a second lotteryphase, 34. In the second lottery phase, unsuccessful players enter theirlosing wagering data, W_(D), through a communication link to adistributor, within a predetermined time period following theannouncement of the winning lottery numbers, D_(L) in the originallottery phase. In addition to entering their losing wagering data, theunsuccessful player also enters the account number provided to them bythe distributor upon placement of the original wager into the lottery.No additional monetary payment or other consideration is required of theunsuccessful player in the second lottery phase. After the close of thetime period allotted for entering the second lottery phase, the lotterydistributor randomly selects winners from the originally unsuccessfulplayers who entered this second phase, 36. Prizes are awarded to thesecond phase winners, preferably in the form of merchandise, 38.

Another optional feature of the present invention is the inclusion of“real-time” trading of wagering data, D_(W), among certain playersdesignated as “real-time” players. In addition to selecting D_(W) at thebeginning of the lottery, certain players select the option to be“real-time” players with the distributor 16. Real-time players areprovided the option of trading D_(W) amongst themselves, revising theirD_(W) with the distributor, and placing wagers based on odds posted bythe distributor, collectively referred to as “trading,” 25. Thisactivity proceeds from the time the wagering data is selected up until apredetermined time preceding the conclusion of the final event. Prizesawarded to real-time players are separate from those awarded to theremaining players.

Although the invention has been described with application to a NASCAR®competition, the invention has application to a variety of phasedcompetitions, including but not limited to tennis, or other “seeded”competitions where individuals or teams are invited or positioned toparticipate in one or more competitions comprising a final event, basedupon their pre-qualifying data, or “seed;” “ranked” competitions such asgolf, college football or basketball; and nonathletic competitions suchas the Oscar® awards where the final participants are “nominated.” Anon-exclusive list of example phased competitions is presented in Table1 below:

TABLE 1 Pre- Example Phased Pre-qualifying qualifying ConcludingCompetition Event Data (D_(PQ)) Final Event Data (D_(C)) tennisperformance in seed tournament final position tournament current year ofin play or season tournament golf performance in rank tournament finalposition tournament current year of in play or season tournament Oscar ®current year of nomination awards best picture, awards movies ceremonybest actor, best actress auto race time trials starting race final forrace position position- in race

Also within the principles of the invention is the union of two or morephased competitions into a single lottery. A non-limiting example ofsuch a union is a lottery whereby players select as wagering data,D_(W), data from two phased competitions that take place relativelyclose in time. Winning lottery data, D_(L), is then based on concludingdata and correlation back to pre-qualifying data from each of the twocompetitions.

Turning now to FIG. 3A, a diagram is shown depicting a set of variablesthat can be used to provide a real-world lottery in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention. Set of variables 302 can includeany number of variables. In the example of FIG. 3, six variables 302 a-fare shown in set 302. For each variable 302 a-f, a lottery playerselects a lottery number from a predetermined set of lottery numbers 304(1 to n) for that variable. The lottery numbers 304 selected by thelottery player for the variables 302 a-f comprises the lottery player'swagering numbers 306 as shown in FIG. 3B, wherein wagering number 306 acorresponds to the selection of the lottery player for variable 302 a,wagering number 306 b corresponds to the selection of the lottery playerfor variable 302 b, and so on. Wagering numbers 306 can be associatedwith the lottery player electronically by having the lottery playertransmit wagering numbers 306 over a network to a lottery distributorbefore a specified deadline. Alternatively, wagering numbers 306 can beassociated with the lottery player by means of possession of a lotteryticket that includes an indication of wagering numbers 306 sold to thelottery player by a lottery distributor before the specified deadline.

Each variable 302 a-f represents a value that varies with time and iscapable of having fixed value at a specified time. It is preferable forat least the values of variables 302 fixed at the specified time to bepublicly available either in real-time or shortly thereafter so thatlottery players can keeping track of the value of variables 302 relativeto wagering numbers 306. Using real-world events for which lotteryplayers may have an interest, and randomizing values for thosereal-world events has the advantage of appealing to the interests of awider range of potential lottery players than does the traditionallottery randomization process, such as televising a drawing of numberedballs from a hopper, which is not related to any other real-world event.For example, variables 302 could each represent a closing price of amarket index, a stock price, a commodity price listed on a publicexchange, or any combination thereof. Other variables 302 couldrepresent an economic indicator that is periodically released by agovernmental authority. Such a real-world lottery would appeal topotential lottery players who have an interest in business and financialmatters, but would not be interested in following a lottery using thetraditional randomization methods.

Turning now to FIG. 4A, a diagram is shown depicting the randomizationof a range of values for a variable in accordance with one or moreembodiments of the present invention. A range of values for eachvariable 302 a-f is selected by the lottery distributor for a particularlottery event. The range of values is divided into a number ofincrements equal to the possible numbers from which the lottery playeris allowed to choose for a given variable. For a particular exemplarylottery event, the value of variable 302 a (V1) will be fixed as theclosing price of a barrel of oil on May 1. A lottery player wishing toparticipate in the particular lottery event selects wagering number 306a for variable 302 a from set of lottery numbers 304, where n=11 (i.e.,numbers 1 to 11). At the time the lottery player makes the selection,the lottery player does not know how the selected wagering number 306 arelates to the value of variable 302 a. At some point in time prior tothe specified date, May 1, the lottery distributor stops acceptingwagering numbers 306 for this particular lottery event. The lotterydistributor then determines a range of values for the closing price of abarrel of oil on May 1. In this example, the range of values is $79.50to $80.59. Determining the range of values is up to discretion of thelottery distributor. The range of values may comprise computing astandard deviation in the variable over a period of time and choosing arange of values within a specified percentage of that standarddeviation. The range of values for variable 302 a is then divided into aset of n=11 increments 402 based on the number of lottery numbers 304from which the lottery player selected wagering number 306 a. Each ofthe lottery numbers 304 is then randomly assigned to an increment 402.For example, increment 402 a (representing a closing price in the rangeof $79.50 to $79.59) is randomly assigned to lottery number 304 d(number “4”). Increment 402 b (representing a closing price in the rangeof $79.60 to $79.69) is randomly assigned to lottery number 304 i(number “9”). Each increment 402 is randomly assigned one of lotterynumbers 304 until each lottery number 304 is assigned to one of theincrement 402. FIG. 4B shows the relationships between increments 402and lottery numbers of 304 following the randomization process. Therandomization process may be televised as is known in the art orbroadcast live using other media, such as the internet, so that lotteryplayers can follow, substantially in real-time, which increments will berepresented by their wagering numbers on the specified date. As shown inthe example of FIG. 3, the lottery player selected lottery number 304 ecorresponding to the number “5” as wagering number 306 a for variable302 a. Lottery number 304 e (“5”) has been randomly assigned toincrement 402 f (“$80.00 to $80.09”). Therefore, after randomization,the lottery player can determine that if the price of oil closes between$80.00 and $80.09 on May 1, then wagering number 306 a is a winninglottery number. The lottery distributor may decide in advance whatconstitutes a winning lottery number and how many winning lotterynumbers in a set of wagering numbers are needed to win a prize inparticular lottery event.

Turning now to FIG. 5, a flowchart 500 is shown depicting a process forrandomizing real-world events for use in a lottery event in accordancewith one or more embodiments of the present invention. At block 502, alottery distributor selects a set of variables 302 for a particularlottery event. Alternatively, a lottery distributor may provide forindividualized lottery events for registered lottery players wherein thelottery player can select a set of variables 302 for a particularcontest directly from the lottery distributor, for example, using a website of the lottery distributor. Proceeding from block 504, block 506through block 512 is performed recursively for each of variables 302a-f. At block 506, the lottery distributor selects a range of values forthe fixed value of variable 302 a at a specified time. At block 508, thelottery distributor divides the range of values into n increments, wherethe lottery player selects a wagering number 306 a for variable 302 afrom lottery numbers 304. At block 510, the lottery distributor randomlyassigns a lottery number from the set of lottery numbers 304 to eachincrement in the set of increments 402. The random assignment is made sothat each lottery number 304 is assigned to one of the increments in theset of increments 402. The specified time for evaluating the fixed valueof variable 302 a preferably occurs at a point in time after the lotterydistributor performs the step of block 510 and before the lotterydistributor performs the step of block 512. At block 512, lotterydistributor selects a winning lottery number from lottery numbers 304based on correlating the fixed value of variable 302 a at the specifiedtime with the increment 402 associated winning lottery number. For theexample of wagering numbers 306 in FIG. 3, if variable 302 a correspondsto the closing price of oil on May 1, and the price of oil closes in therange of $80.00 to $80.09 on May 1, then lottery number 304 e (number“5”) is selected as the winning lottery number for variable 302 abecause lottery number 304 e was randomly assigned to the increment(increment 402 f) in which the price of oil closed on May 1. After block512, the process returns to block 504 until the steps of blocks 506 to512 are performed for each variable in the set of variables. After thesteps of blocks 506 to 512 are performed for each variable in the set ofvariables in the process ends.

The lottery distributor preferably receives wagering numbers 306 for alllottery players participating in a particular lottery event prior to therandomizing step of block 510. This way, the lottery players select setsof wagering numbers 306 without knowing which increment 402 is assignedto each of the wagering numbers 306 a-f. Once randomization takes placeat block 510, the assignment of lottery numbers 304 to increments 403 isthen made available to the lottery players. With this information, alottery player can determine which increments 402 are represented in thelottery player's set of wagering numbers 306 and monitor the real-worldevents relative to wagering numbers 306. Enabling the lottery player tomonitor real-world events of interest to the lottery player relative towagering numbers 306 in a lottery event can be more entertaining to alottery player than simply watching a randomization process ontelevision that is not linked to any other real-world event (or readingabout the results of the randomization process in the newspaper the nextday). At block 512, the fixed values of variables 302 a-f are evaluatedat the specified time and the lottery distributor selects a winninglottery number for each variable 302 a-f. Subsequent to selecting thewinning lottery numbers in block 512, the lottery distributor determineswhether a lottery player is a winning lottery player based oncorrelating wagering numbers 306 associated with the lottery player andthe winning lottery numbers. For example, assume a particular lotteryevent pays a $500 prize to any lottery player who has three winninglottery numbers in the lottery player's set of six wagering numbers 306.The particular lottery event may pay a $50,000 prize to any lotteryplayer who has five winning lottery numbers in the lottery player's setof six wagering numbers 306. The particular lottery event may pay a verylarge accumulating jackpot prize (e.g., millions of dollars) to anylottery player who has six winning lottery numbers in the lotteryplayer's set of six wagering numbers 306.

While the process of FIG. 5 has been described with respect to stepsperformed by a lottery distributor, the process of FIG. 5 may beautomatically performed, whole or in part, by a lottery systemadministered by the lottery distributor or a central lottery hub withwhich the lottery distributor is affiliated. Such a system is describedin further detail with respect to FIG. 6.

Turning now to FIG. 6, a diagram is shown of a real-world lottery systemsuitable for implementing a real-world lottery in accordance with one ormore embodiments of the present invention. Real-world lottery system 600may include central hub computer 602 and one or more client computers630 communicatively coupled to central hub computer 602 by network 650.Network 650 can be a private network or a public network such as theInternet. Central hub computer 602 may include processor 604, networkinterface 606, and memory 610, each coupled to the other by bus 608.Processor 604 is capable of decoding and executing computer-executableinstructions read from memory 610. Processor 604 is capable of readingdata from and writing data to storage locations in memory 610. Memory610 can be any computer-readable medium, or any combination thereof,suitable for storing computer-readable data, including volatilesolid-state memory, such as random access memory (RAM) or cache memory,non-volatile solid-state memory, such as read only memory (ROM) or flashmemory, or other persistent storage media, such as magnetic or opticaldisk drives. Network interface 606 is any device suitable forcommunicating data over network 650, such as an Ethernet networkinterface card or a wireless network adapter. Client computer 630 can beany data processing system known in the art that is capable of sendingdata to and receiving data from central hub computer 602 over network650, such as a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a netbook computer,a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobiletelephone, and so on.

Memory 610 is encoded with computer-executable instructions and datathat, when executed by processor 604, provide transaction engine 612,user interface 614, live data feed 616, pricing model 618, one or morelottery events 620, and one or more lottery users 622. Live data feed616 may provide lottery related data to client computer 630substantially in real-time. Using live data feed 616, a lottery playercan monitor the randomization of wagering numbers 306. Subsequent to therandomization of wagering numbers 306, a lottery player can use livedata feed 616 to monitor the real-world values of the variablescorresponding to wagering numbers 306 relative to the incrementsassigned to wagering numbers 306 of the lottery player. Monitoring livedata feed 616 can provide a form of entertainment to a lottery playerthat is not available in lotteries with prior art methods ofrandomization. Live data feed 616 can also be used by a lottery playerto evaluate potential trades, or to determine whether to buy or sell orplace a direct wager on wagering numbers.

Pricing model 618 may be used to determine that payouts for a particularlottery event. For example, pricing model 618 may keep a running totalof the accumulated jackpot for a particular lottery event. Pricing model618 may also be used to determine odds and direct wagering data.

User interface 614 may comprise a graphical user interface through whicha user interacts with the real world lottery system. User interface 614may comprise world-wide-web (“web”) content hosted by a web server thatis capable of being communicated over network 650 and displayed to auser of client computer 630 using a web browser application 642.Alternatively, user interface 614 may be built-in to a dedicated clientapplication 644 executing on client computer 630. Memory 610 may alsostore data and instructions related to one or more lottery events 620,including at least one set of variables 302 and the associated set oflottery numbers 304. User interface 614 may include promotional andeducational materials to attract new lottery players. User interface 614may include information relating to any or all of the lottery contestshosted by the lottery provider. By providing information of interest tolottery players or potential players, such as via a web site over theInternet, a lottery provider can increase the traffic to the lotteryprovider's web site. For example, the lottery provider can displayinformation relating to the latest results of news events, elections,racing competitions, sports scores, closing prices of exchanged-tradedsecurities, results of so-called “reality” television programs,Hollywood news, and/or celebrity gossip. User interface 614 can includea “ticker” that scrolls information across a portion of user interface614.

Transaction engine 612 is operable to receive a request from a lotteryplayer to participate in a lottery event. Transaction engine 612 may,via user interface 614, prompt a lottery player to set up a registereduser profile 622. Registered user profile 622 may include a set ofcredentials 824 that can be used to authenticate a lottery player as aregistered lottery user 622 and to associate wagering numbers 306 withthe lottery player. Alternatively, the registered user profile 622 canbe used to authenticate a lottery distributor that sells printed lotterytickets to the public. Transaction engine 612 may receive wageringnumbers 306 from the lottery player, associate wagering numbers 306 withthe lottery player, and process any necessary payment related to thetransaction. Transaction engine 612 may also process any trades,buy/sell orders, or direct wagers made subsequent to the randomizationof the lottery numbers.

In an embodiment of the real-world lottery system, the real-worldlottery system provides a platform for lottery players to trade wageringnumbers with each other, for selling wagering numbers to or buyingwagering numbers from other lottery players or the lottery distributor,and placing direct wagers on wagering numbers based on odds posted bythe lottery distributor. The trading/wagering platform may be embodiedas part of transaction engine 612. Alternatively, the trading/wageringplatform may comprise independent computer-executable code within memory610. The trading/wagering platform enables the trading, buying andselling, and direct wagering after the randomizing step of block 510 hasbeen performed. Lottery players may elect to have 100% matches orbid/ask trading when they post to sell or trade tickets. Thetrading/wagering platform may be completely transparent so that userinterface 614 will reflect all changes in offerings, odds, bids, asks,money, consummated trades, etc. substantially in real-time. Thetrading/wagering platform may recognize postings associated withregistered users for sale or trade of wagering numbers and may have theability to provide the security for processing and allocating anytransfer of funds or tickets to and from registered players' accountssubstantially in real-time. The trading/wagering platform may requireregistration for lottery players designated as “real-time” lotteryplayers to avoid system recourse for wagering errors committed by theplayer due to lack of competence or trading skill Registered real-timelottery players may access all of the functions the trading/wageringplatform supports.

The trading and wagering of the trading/wagering platform can be donesubstantially in real-time and “in-running” (i.e., wagering while thereal-world event is actually being conducted). Registered real-timeplayers will be able to trade and wager in-running as the real-worldlottery event unfolds, with real-time odds being updated throughout theduration of the event by live data feed 616 to pricing model 618 thatwill compute and post the new odds to user interface 614 as thesituation dictates. In-running wagering can be an entertainment enhancerfor the casual player and can provide specialty wagering during theevent. These specialty wagers can consist of a wager based on which teamscores first in a sporting event, how well an individual athleteperforms relative to others in team sports, which individual is votedoff a televised reality show first, or which character is murdered firston a television detective program series. Any fast-resolving wageringopportunity that provides entertainment for the lottery player as wellas a mode of wagering can be a specialty wager. The trading/wageringplatform can enable real-time lottery players to make suggestions forspecialty wagers that they would like to see posted on user interface614 to increase the wager turn-over from the casual player. Real-timeplayers can wager against each other directly, with the trading/wageringplatform serving as the processor and allocator of these wagers.Alternatively, real-time players can wager directly with the lotterydistributor based on a fixed odds wagering mechanism provided by thetrading/wagering platform.

The real-world lottery system is a real-time, straight-through processorof trades and wagers. At the point of a wager or deal capture, thesystem processes substantially in real-time the confirmations andallocations of trades and wagers with time stamped entries and exits.The system has the ability to pool wagers, and thousands of wagers andtrades can be cleared per second. The system provides both posting andmatching services to establish indication of trade or wager, as well asthe direct fixed odds wagering. Matching may be implemented eitherthrough manual or automatic control. A pre-posting query checks for a100% matching offer on the opposite side of the trade or wager. Theposting mechanism provides a listing function so lottery players canview all outstanding trades or wagers. The lottery player may place anydesired limitation on an offer, such as minimum trade size and timedexpiration.

All trading and wagering can be totally transparent with a real-time,no-default clearing mechanism that provides two functions. The firstfunction facilitates the real-time transfer of ownership of lotterytickets to the individual purchaser, and money for these lottery ticketsto the lottery distributor. The first function also provides for thetransfer of money and tickets between lottery players as they sell,purchase, or trade lottery tickets among themselves. The second functionis to guarantee trade completion. After a trade is negotiated for aspecific lottery ticket or lottery number at a set or negotiated price,the clearing process guarantees that the buyer has made a purchase andthe seller has made a sale. The integrity of the trade and lottery ismaintained for all transactions.

Risk management to the individual lottery player can comprise thelottery player's intentional selection and sizing of exposures toimprove the quality and consistency of their returns. The real-worldlottery system can measure various exposures for the lottery player,succinctly assimilate a more meaningful display via user interface 614in the selection of such exposures, and provide a real-time, in-runningforum for transacting the trade or wager. User interface 614 can displayan odds line, win probability, and the return on a specific amount beton variables 302 comprising the real-world lottery event. User interface614 can display wagering data using an easily understood interpretationof odds wagering and can reduce the mystification of fixed odds wageringand the apprehension a casual lottery player faces when viewing moretraditional fixed odds information. For example, an inexperiencedlottery player may be intimidated by traditional fixed odds pricing ofwagers and the win probability associated with the odds. Aninexperienced lottery player may not be able to answer questions such as“what is the win probability of an odds line of 5-2, or 3-1?” The winprobability for an odds line of 5-2 is 29%. The win probability for anodds line of 3-1 is 25%. User interface 614 can display the odds line(e.g., “5-2”) along with the win probability (e.g., “29%”) and thereturn on a specific bet amount. By displaying fixed odds, wagers andreturns on a specific bet amount to a lottery player, the real-worldlottery system can reduce or eliminate the apprehension of a new orinexperienced lottery player.

User interface 614 can display all germane financial data for a lotteryplayer's account, and that data can be updated substantially inreal-time as wagers and trades are made and the account is settled. Thedata displayed via user interface 614 can include all current openwagers or trades not settled, daily wagering and trading history,available funds, and current profit and loss status. The system willpermit in-running and concurrent wagers and trades to be negotiated atmultiple levels of functionality ranging from completely manual tocompletely automatic. A real-time lottery player can adjust the typeand/or range of the functionality to meet specific requirements such astime constraints, trading skill, match qualifications, and real-timeodds.

Turning now to FIG. 7, a diagram is shown depicting the randomization ofa set of participants in a competition in accordance with one or moreembodiments of the present invention. A set of participants 702 for eachvariable 302 a-f is selected by the lottery distributor for a particularlottery event. The set of participants 702 comprises a number ofparticipants in one or more specified competitions. The outcomes of thespecified competitions are preferably available to the public throughoutthe duration of the competition or at least shortly after the conclusionof the competition. For example, the participants may be individualscompeting on one or more television programs such as American Idol,Dancing with the Stars, Survivor, The Bachelor, etc. The participantsmay be individuals or sports teams competing in one or more sportingevents, such as a Professional Golfers' Association (PGA) golftournament, a Nation Football League (NFL) football game, or a NationalBasketball NBA basketball game. The participants may be candidates inone or more specified elections for one or more political offices. Theparticipants may be candidates that are eligible to be nominated for anaward, such as an Oscar Award, a Grammy Award, an Emmy Award, a TonyAward, a Nobel Prize and so on, and the competition may be whichcandidates receive a nomination for the award. The participants may benominees for an award, such as an Oscar Award, a Grammy Award, an EmmyAward, a Tony Award, a Nobel Prize, and so on, and the competition maybe which nominees win the award. The participants may be films presentlyshowing in theaters and the competition may be gross box office receiptsfor a specific time period, such as the current week.

The number of participants 702 for each variable 302 a-f is equal to thepossible numbers from which the lottery player is allowed to choose fora given variable. For a particular exemplary lottery event, participants702 a-k correspond to eleven male participants competing against eachother on the American Idol television program. A lottery player wishingto participate in the particular lottery event selects wagering number306 a for variable 302 a from the set of lottery numbers 304, where n=11(i.e., numbers 1 to 11). At the time the lottery player makes theselection, the selected wagering number 306 a is not assigned to any ofparticipants 702 a-k. There is no relationship between participants 702a-k and lottery numbers 304 a-k. At some point in time prior to aspecified date for the lottery event (e.g., the date when the eleventhparticipant is voted off of American Idol), the lottery distributorstops accepting wagering numbers 306 for this particular lottery event.The lottery distributor then determines the participants remaining inthe competition prior to an outcome of the competition being revealed tothe public. In this example, the participants 702 comprise the elevenmale participants 702 a-k remaining on American Idol prior to theeleventh male participant being eliminated (e.g., Max, Wes, Ryan, Kenny,Jason, Kyle, John, Robert, Jeff, David, Ruben). Determining thecompetitions, the set of participants, the specified date, a combinationof competitions and participants, a predetermined criterion for awinning lottery numbers, etc. is up to the discretion of the lotterydistributor. Each of lottery numbers 304 is then randomly assigned to aparticipant 702. For example, participant 702 a (“Max”) is randomlyassigned to lottery number 304 d (number “4”). Participant 402 b (“Wes”)is randomly assigned to lottery number 304 i (number “9”). Eachparticipant 702 is randomly assigned one of lottery numbers 304 untileach lottery number 304 is assigned to one of the participants 702. FIG.7B shows the relationships between participants 702 and lottery numbersof 304 following the randomization process. The randomization processmay be televised as is known in the art or broadcast live concurrentlywith or as part of the television program or using other media, such asthe internet, so that lottery players can follow, substantially inreal-time, which participants will be represented by the lotteryplayer's wagering numbers 306 on the specified date. As shown in theexample of FIG. 3, the lottery player selected lottery number 304 ecorresponding to the number “5” as wagering number 306 a for variable302 a. Lottery number 304 e (“5”) has been randomly assigned toincrement 702 f (“Jeff”). Therefore, after randomization, the lotteryplayer can determine that “Jeff” is represented by one of the playerswagering numbers 306. If “Jeff” meets the predetermined criterion on thespecified date, then wagering number 306 a is a winning lottery number.The lottery distributor may decide in advance what predeterminedcriterion must be met for one of lottery numbers 304 to qualify as awinning lottery number. For the American Idol example, the predeterminedcriterion may be which participant in the set of participants 702 iseliminated in an episode of the television program. Alternatively,predetermined criteria may be set up for the entire season and includewhich participant is the first to be eliminated, which participant isthe last to be eliminated, which participant will win the competition,or any combination of such predetermined criteria. The lotterydistributor may also decide how many winning lottery numbers in a set ofwagering numbers 306 are needed to win a prize in a particular lotteryevent.

FIG. 8 shows a flowchart 800 depicting a process for randomizingreal-world events for use in a lottery event in accordance with one ormore alternative embodiments of the present invention. The processbegins at block 802. At block 804, a lottery distributor selects a setof variables, each variable representing a set of contestants. Then, foreach variable in the set of variables (block 806), the lotterydistributor randomly assigns lottery numbers to each contestant (block808). The step at block 808 preferably includes the randomization stepshown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. The step at block 808 is preferably performedafter wagering data is received from lottery players but before theoutcome of the real world event has been determined. The lotterydistributor can publish the results of the randomization so that lotteryplayers are able to know which outcomes of the real world event arerepresented by the lottery numbers they chose prior to the randomizationstep of block 808. Following the conclusion of the real world event, thelottery distributor selects winning lottery numbers based on apredetermined criteria (block 810). For the American Idol example, thepredetermined criterion may be which participant in the set ofparticipants 702 is eliminated in an episode of the television program.The lottery number randomly assigned to the participant that waseliminated from the particular episode of American Idol would beselected as a winning lottery number. The lottery distributor may alsodecide how many winning lottery numbers in a set of wagering numbers 306are needed to win a prize in a particular lottery event.

FIG. 9 shows a web page depicting an exemplary user interface for a realworld lottery in accordance with one or more embodiments of the presentinvention. The web page is an electronic page displayed to a user over acomputer network, such as the Internet, using a well-known a web browserapplication 900. Web browser application 900 may comprise a windowdisplayed in a graphical user interface of a computer. Web browserapplication 900 may include menu bar 902 for selecting computer commandsusing an input device such as a mouse. Web browser application 900 mayinclude address bar 904 for inputting a uniform resource locator (URL)associated with the web page. Web browser application 900 may includecontent pane 906 for displaying content, such as a web page, accessibleto web browser application 900 via the URL in address bar 904.

Content pane 906 may display a plurality of elements associated with aweb page. Element 908 may be used by the lottery distributor to displayinformation to lottery players or potential lottery players. Element 910may include a plurality of information elements 910. Informationelements 910 can comprise any information which the lottery distributorconsiders useful for driving web traffic to its website. For example,information element 910 can display information relating to a categoryof lottery contest provided by the lottery distributor. Categories mayinclude, but are not limited to, sports, news, politics, entertainment,finance, etc. Information element 910 may also display headlines toarticles or other multimedia content relating to information germane tothat category. A user may select the headline with an input device todisplay the article associated with the headline. For example,information element 910 may display information relating to a sportscategory. Headlines may be associated with articles or other multimediacontent relating to specific real world sporting events or participants.The lottery distributor may provide lottery contests relating to thereal world events or participants featured in information element 910.Contest element 912 can be a button or hyperlink or other user interfaceelement that, when selected by a user, would display to the user a webpage that enables the user to participate in one or more lotterycontests. Ticker 914 can also be used to display information to a userthat the lottery distributor anticipates would be of interest to theuser. Information may be displayed in a scrolling manner so that, overtime, more information is displayed in ticker 914 than the area of theticker 914 can display at a given instant. For example, ticker 914 canbe used to display sports scores relating to recently concluded realworld sporting events.

By displaying information that is of interest to current or potentiallottery players in content pane 906, a lottery distributor can attractcurrent lottery players and potential lottery players to its website. Byattracting current lottery players and potential lottery players to itswebsite, a lottery distributor can increase the chances that a potentiallottery player will participate in a lottery contest and a currentlottery player will participate in other lottery contests. Further, byattracting current lottery players and potential lottery players to itswebsite, a lottery distributor can generate revenue based on web trafficusing well-known advertising and other means. By displaying contestelement 912 near information element 910, a lottery distributor canprovide a quick and easy way for a user to participate in a lottery thatrelates to real world events associated with the category of informationelement 910.

FIG. 10 shows a web page depicting an exemplary user interface for areal world lottery in accordance with one or more embodiments of thepresent invention. Content pane 906 may display a plurality of elementsassociated with a web page, as described above in relation to FIG. 9.Element 12008 may be used by the lottery distributor to displayinformation to of interest to current lottery players. Element 12008 maydisplay the wagering numbers associated with a current lottery playerand a particular lottery contest. Element 910 may show the currentlottery player which variables have been randomly assigned with thewagering numbers selected by the user. For example, in a real worldlottery contest based on the closing price of selected exchange-tradedsecurites, element 12008 may display a table showing how each wageringnumber associated with the current lottery player was randomly assignedto a range of closing prices. Element 12008 may also display the currentvalue of the price so that the current lottery player can follow,substantially in real-time, whether the price is within a range thatwould be a winning lottery number when the market closes. Ticker 914 canalso display information relating to lottery contests in which thecurrent user is participating.

While the particular method for lottery wagering on actual events asshown and disclosed in detail in this instrument is fully capable ofobtaining the objects and providing the advantages stated, thisdisclosure is merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodimentsof the invention, and no limitations are intended in connection with thedetails of construction, design or composition other than as providedand described in the appended claims.

Further, it should be recognized that embodiments of the presentinvention can be implemented via computer hardware, a combination ofboth hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in anon-transitory computer-readable memory. The methods can be implementedin computer programs using standard programming techniques—including anon-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with acomputer program, where the storage medium so configured causes acomputer to operate in a specific and predefined manner—according to themethods and figures described in this Specification. Each program may beimplemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programminglanguage to communicate with a computer system. However, the programscan be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In anycase, the language can be a compiled or interpreted language. Moreover,the program can run on dedicated integrated circuits programmed for thatpurpose.

1.-15. (canceled)
 16. A system for lottery wagering based on real-worldevents, comprising: a processor coupled to an electronic bus; a networkinterface coupled to the electronic bus; a network coupled to thenetwork interface; a memory coupled to the electronic bus, the memorycomprising a computer-readable medium encoded with computer-executableinstructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the system toperform the steps of: selecting a set of variables, each variablerepresenting a possible outcome of a real-world event, the possibleoutcome of the real-world event being available to the public at thespecified time or at a time thereafter; receiving wagering data from afirst lottery player, the wagering data comprising a first set ofwagering numbers; associating the first set of wagering numbers with thefirst lottery player; for each variable in the set of variables:randomly assigning a lottery number from a set of lottery numbers toeach variable in the set of variables so that each lottery number in theset of lottery numbers is randomly assigned to one of the variables inthe set of variables, wherein each wagering number in the first set ofwagering numbers corresponds to the lottery number selected by the firstlottery player for each variable in the set of variables; selecting awinning lottery number from the set of lottery numbers based oncorrelating the variable assigned to the winning lottery number with thepossible outcome of the real-world event; determining a set of winninglottery numbers, the set of winning lottery numbers comprising thewinning lottery number selected for each variable in the set ofvariables; and determining whether the first lottery player is a winninglottery player based on correlating the first set of wagering numberswith the set of winning lottery numbers.
 17. The system of claim 16,wherein each variable representing a possible outcome of a real-worldevent further comprises a variable representing a time-varying valuecapable of having a fixed value at a specified time, the fixed value atthe specified time being available to the public at the specified timeor at a time thereafter; wherein the system further comprises, for eachvariable in the set of variables: computer-executable instructions forselecting a range of values for the fixed value of the variable at thespecified time; computer-executable instructions for dividing the rangeof values into a set of increments; wherein randomly assigning a lotterynumber to each variable further comprises randomly assigning a lotterynumber from a set of lottery numbers to each increment in the set ofincrements so that each lottery number in the set of lottery numbers isassigned to one of the increments in the set of increments; and whereinselecting a winning lottery number further comprises selecting a winninglottery number from the set of lottery numbers based on correlating thefixed value of the variable at the specified time with the incrementcorresponding to the winning lottery number.
 18. The system of claim 16,wherein each variable in the set of variables is selected from a groupcomprising: a closing price of a publicly-traded stock listed on a stockexchange; a closing value of a stock market index; a closing price of acommodity listed on a commodities exchange; and a value of an economicindicator released periodically by a governmental authority.
 19. Thesystem of claim 16, wherein each variable representing a possibleoutcome of a real-world event further comprises a set of participantscompeting in one or more specified competitions, wherein the possibleoutcomes of the specified competitions are available to the public atleast upon the conclusion of the specified competitions; whereinrandomly assigning a lottery number to each variable further comprisesrandomly assigning a lottery number from a set of lottery numbers toeach participant in the set of participants so that each lottery numberin the set of lottery numbers is assigned to only one participant in theset of participants; and wherein selecting a winning lottery numberfurther comprises selecting a winning lottery number from the set oflottery numbers based on a predetermined criterion.
 20. The system ofclaim 19, wherein each variable in the set of variables is selected froma group comprising: participants competing on one or more specifiedtelevision programs; sports teams competing in one or more specifiedsporting events; candidates participating in one or more specifiedelections for one or more political offices; candidates eligible to benominated for one or more awards; nominees for one or more awards; andfilms currently showing in theaters.
 21. The system of claim 20, whereinthe predetermined criterion for selecting the winning lottery numbers isselected from a group comprising: participants who are eliminated fromthe specified television programs; participants who are winningparticipants of the specified television programs; actual outcomes ofthe specified sporting events; actual outcomes of the specifiedelections; candidates that were nominated for the one or more awards;nominees that won the one or more awards; and gross box office receiptsover a specified period of time for each of the films currently showingin theaters.
 22. The system of claim 16, further comprising, subsequentto the step of randomly assigning a lottery number to each variable andprior to the step of selecting a winning lottery number,computer-executable instructions for: receiving a request from the firstlottery player to trade at least a subset of the first set of wageringnumbers in exchange for at least a subset of a second set of wageringnumbers; receiving a request from a second lottery player to trade thesubset of the second set of wagering numbers in exchange for the subsetof first set of wagering numbers; correlating the request from the firstlottery player with the request from the second lottery player;associating the subset of the first set of wagering numbers with thesecond lottery player; and associating the subset of the second set ofwagering numbers with the first lottery player.
 23. The system of claim16, further comprising, subsequent to the step of randomly assigning alottery number to each variable and prior to the step of selecting awinning lottery number, computer-executable instructions for: receivinga request from the first lottery player to sell at least a subset of thefirst set of wagering numbers for a predetermined price; receiving arequest from a second lottery player to buy at least the subset of thefirst set of wagering numbers for the predetermined price; correlatingthe request from the first lottery player with the request from thesecond lottery player based on the subset of the first set of wageringnumbers and the predetermined price; associating the subset of the firstset of wagering numbers with the second lottery player; debiting anaccount associated with the second lottery player in an amount at leastequal to the predetermined price; and crediting an account associatedwith the first lottery player with an amount no more than thepredetermined price.
 24. The system of claim 16, further comprising,subsequent to the step of randomly assigning a lottery number to eachvariable and prior to the step of selecting a winning lottery number,computer-executable instructions for: providing an indication of one ormore options available to a lottery player to revise the set of wageringnumbers, each option including a price and a revision scheme; receivinga request from the first lottery player to revise the first set ofwagering numbers in accordance with one of the options; revising thefirst set of wagering numbers in accordance with the revision scheme ofthe option selected by the first lottery player; and debiting an accountassociated with the first lottery player in the amount of the price ofthe option selected by the first lottery player.
 25. The system of claim16, further comprising computer-executable instructions for providingperiodic statements to a lottery player, each statement including anindication of all lottery transactions during a time period of thestatement.
 26. The system of claim 16, further comprising, subsequent tothe step of randomly assigning a lottery number to each variable andprior to the step of selecting a winning lottery number,computer-executable instructions for displaying to the first lotteryplayer a probability that one or more wagering numbers from the firstset of wagering numbers will be a winning lottery number based on anodds line provided by a lottery distributor.
 27. The system of claim 26,wherein the probability displayed to the first lottery player isdisplayed as a percentage.
 28. The system of claim 16, furthercomprising, subsequent to the step of randomly assigning a lotterynumber to each variable and prior to the step of selecting a winninglottery number, computer-executable instructions for displaying to thefirst lottery player one or more amounts of money that the first lotteryplayer would win based on an odds line provided by a lottery distributorand the first set of wagering numbers.
 29. The system of claim 16,wherein the wagering data further comprises a non-random wager that isnot randomly assigned a lottery number, the non-random wagercorresponding directly to a possible outcome of a real-world event; andwherein the step of determining whether the first lottery player is awinning lottery player is based on correlating the first set of wageringnumbers with the set of winning lottery numbers and correlating thenon-random wager with the possible outcome of the real-world event. 30.The system of claim16, further comprising computer-executableinstructions for displaying to a lottery player information relating tothe possible outcomes of the real-world events represented by the set ofvariables.